Mitochondrial energy production; antioxidant protection; supports heart and muscle function
DNA repair; cell division; red blood cell production; mood regulation via neurotransmitter synthesis
Oxygen transport via haemoglobin; energy metabolism; immune function
Muscle and nerve function; energy production; sleep regulation; bone health
Anti-inflammatory regulation; brain and mood function; cardiovascular health; joint support
Fluid balance; nerve signalling; muscle contraction including heart rhythm regulation
Vision (especially low-light); immune function; skin cell turnover; reproductive health
Nerve function; red blood cell production; DNA synthesis; energy metabolism
Collagen synthesis; antioxidant protection; immune function; enhances iron absorption
Calcium absorption; immune modulation; mood regulation; musculoskeletal health
Antioxidant protection of cell membranes; immune function; skin health
Blood clotting (coagulation factor synthesis); bone mineralisation; supports arterial health
Immune function; wound healing; DNA synthesis; taste and smell perception; skin health